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The "realist" school of IR theory emphasizes the state as the sole international actor, and one which avoids or enters conflict to serve its particular self-interest. Classical realism holds that material interests and power drive state leaders, whereas neo-realists argue that security (avoidance of conflict) and longer-term interests play a role in preference and decision-making. This school traditionally understands some notion of the inevitability of rivalry and conflict and diminishes the notion that human nature can be overcome through agreements or institutions.
http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/people3/Waltz/waltz-con0.html
Harry Kreisler interviews Kenneth Waltz on International Relations Theory: February, 2003.
http://www.wadsworth.com/politicalscience_d/special_features/ext/ir/tir/tir_infotrac1_1.html
Bibliography from the International Relations Resource Center.
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