Directory of Magic Square Resources

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A Magic Square of order n is an arrangement of the numbers from 1 to n^2 (n-squared) in an n by n matrix. The sum of any row, any column, or any main diagonal must be the same. The smallest non-trivial case is of order 3.

The same idea can be extended to other shapes such as stars, cubes, circles, and so on. These are called Magic objects.

Resources in This Category

• 4x4 Magic Square Solver

  http://quasistoic.org/fun/magicsquare/
  Given at least two numbers, provides possible solutions for a 4x4 magic square where the desired sum is 34.

• A Very, Very Magic Square

  http://www.math.lsa.umich.edu/~hderksen/magic.html
  A 25x25 magic square with 25 sub-squares and other properties. Maple program and PostScript files available for download.

• All You Wanted to Know About Magic Squares

  http://www.markfarrar.co.uk/msfmsq01.htm
  Introduction to magic squares. Basic/C computer programs to generate odd squares. Calculates 8x8 squares with any given date on the first line.

• Allmath.com: Magic Squares Game

  http://www.allmath.com/magicsquare.php
  Interactive game to construct Magic Squares. Different degrees of difficulty and size of square. Hints and solutions provided.

• Finding Magic Squares Using CCM

  http://www.kanadas.com/ccm/magic-square/index.html
  The Chemical Casting Model (CCM) generation method is demonstrated with a Java Applet. Source code and description of algorithm included. (English/Japanese) [JRE required for Applet only].

• Magic Cubes

  http://www.delphiforfun.org/Programs/Source_Listings/MagicCubeSource.html
  The site presents a program for finding all possible order 3 cubes, executable and source included.

• Magic Cubes and Tesseracts

  http://homepage2.nifty.com/googol/magcube/en/
  Examples, original works, algorithms, and theorems on magic cubes, tesseracts, and hypercubes. (English/Japanese)

• Magic Square Models

  http://www.knechtmagicsquare.paulscomputing.com/
  Explores the physical aspects of magic squares. A mass model demonstrates unique properties associated with the moment of inertia for the square. The topographical model looks at water retention patterns in the square.

• Magic Squares

  http://www.jcu.edu/math/vignettes/magicsquares.htm
  An introduction, with algorithms for generating odd, and doubly even (4k) squares. References.

• Magic Squares

  http://www.wou.edu/~burtonl/magic.html
  Java applet generates odd ordered squares, with options to transformations by rotations and reflections. Source code provided.

• Magic Squares and Hyper Cubes

  http://net.indra.com/~charliek/
  Includes Java Applet and source code of square and hyper cube generator. Options for dimensions and offset.

• Magic Squares at Math Cats: Fun, Easy, and Interactive!

  http://www.mathcats.com/explore/puzzles/magicsquare.html
  Introduction to the Durer magic square. Activities including the magic carpet.

• Magic Squares by Edward W. Shineman Jr.

  http://www.eds-magic-squares.com/
  Features magic squares, rectangles and the author's signature magic diamonds commemorating historic and personal milestones.

• Magic Squares, Magic Stars and Other Patterns

  http://recmath.org/Magic%20Squares/
  Pages on magic squares, stars with total basic solutions for each order from 5 to 11, and miscellaneous number patterns.

• Making Magic Squares

  http://www.netcomuk.co.uk/~jenolive/roymagic.html
  The Durer and Loh Shu squares. Starting from basic operations, mathematical derive distinct squares from existing ones.

• Math Forum: Magic Squares Applet

  http://mathforum.org/alejandre/java/magpuz/MagPuz.html
  Java applet and source files.[JRE to run]

• Math Forum: Magic Stars

  http://mathforum.org/alejandre/magic.star/
  Introduction to Magic Stars. Construction, analysis and transformations.

• Math Forum: Multiplying Magic Squares

  http://mathforum.org/alejandre/magic.square/adler/
  Includes classroom material covering introduction, the math behind, and methods of construction.

• Math Forum: Suzanne Alejandre: Magic Squares

  http://mathforum.org/alejandre/magic.square.html
  Curriculum resources, student activities and explanations of puzzles.

• Mathpages: Franklin's Magic Squares

  http://mathpages.com/home/kmath155.htm
  How Benjamin Franklin constructed his magic squares. Autobiographical extract included.

• Mathpages: Solving Magic Squares

  http://www.mathpages.com/home/kmath295.htm
  An attempt to solve for all possible magic squares, a mathematical treatment.

• MathWorld: Magic Squares

  http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MagicSquare.html
  Definition, examples, and construction. Includes algorithms for odd, doubly and singly even squares.

• MathWorld: Panmagic Square

  http://mathworld.wolfram.com/PanmagicSquare.html
  Demonstration of the properties of a pan-magic square.

• Multimagic Squares

  http://www.multimagie.com/indexengl.htm
  Squares that remain magic after entries are raised to various powers. Examples, constructions, bibliography and links compiled by Christian Boyer. (English/French/German)

• Notes on Magic Squares

  http://www.trump.de/magic-squares/index.html
  Walter Trump explains magic squares, and presents computer estimates of squares of different orders.

• Prime Magic Squares

  http://digilander.libero.it/ice00/magic/
  Introduction. Prime magic squares, programs and examples.

• PrimePuzzle #297: Queens on Magic Squares

  http://www.primepuzzles.net/puzzles/puzz_297.htm
  Try to put 8 queens on an 8x8 square such that the queens sit on prime numbers. Readers' solutions provided.

• Siamese Method

  http://www.xs4all.nl/~thospel/siamese.html
  The Siamese method generates odd squares of any order above one. Explains the mathematics behind the scenes.

• The Anti-Magic Square Project

  http://ion.uwinnipeg.ca/~vlinek/jcormie/
  Starting from the definition of an Anti-Magic Square (AMS), the article presents the structure and construction methods of the AMS. Programs written in the c-language are available for download.

• The Magic Encyclopedia

  http://www.magichypercubes.com/Encyclopedia/
  Encyclopedia with articles relating to magic squares, cubes, hypercubes and other objects

• The Magic Square Record

  http://www.recordholders.org/en/records/magic.html
  Includes short description of magic squares. Keeps records for largest hand-written squares between 1975 and 1990.

• The Zen of Magic Squares, Circles, and Stars

  http://sprott.physics.wisc.edu/pickover/zenad.html
  Features reviews, information and index of Clifford A. Pickover's book. Publication focuses on historical and cultural attitudes towards the significance of the squares.

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